Superar divisiones: conocimientos de bioética para navegar la desconfianza y polarización en una era post-covid

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José Tham
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6514-4107

Resumen




La polarización de opiniones y posturas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 es inconfundible. Aunque hay muchas áreas de debate, nuestro enfoque principal gira en torno a las controversias de la vacuna COVID-19. El Informe SAGE (OMS 2014) sobre la indecisión ante las vacunas enumeró tres factores críticos, complacencia, conveniencia y confianza, que se repitieron durante la pandemia. De ellos, la confianza emerge como el motor central de la polarización. La desconfianza abarca varias dimensiones: el gobierno, la ciencia, las empresas farmacéuticas, las nuevas vacunas y las fuentes de información vinculadas a los grupos homólogos y los medios sociales. La polarización no se debe a la escasez de información, sino que está profundamente entrelazada con la identidad social. El efecto de cámara de eco exacerba este fenómeno, reforzando las creencias dentro de círculos afines. El documento explora cómo las diferentes facetas de la confianza influyeron significativamente en la indecisión ante las vacunas durante el COVID. Por último, es necesario reevaluar la eficacia de los mandatos de vacunación y el control de las redes sociales: ¿reducen las dudas o empeoran inadvertidamente la polarización al erosionar la confianza?




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Tham, J. (2025). Superar divisiones: conocimientos de bioética para navegar la desconfianza y polarización en una era post-covid. Medicina Y Ética, 36(1), 11–43. https://doi.org/10.36105/mye.2025v36n1.01
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Biografía del autor/a

José Tham, Pontificio Ateneo Regina Apostolorum, Roma, Italia

Profesor titular, Pontificio Ateneo Regina Apostolorum, Roma, Italia.

Citas

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